Person-centred support in adults with id and challenging behaviour: An observational study (Crabtree, 2019)

Ratti V. Crabtree J. Hassiotis A. 

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2019;63(7): 690. 

Available online at this link 

Introduction: When participants are not able to respond to questionnaires or interviews, observations constitute an alternative that allows examining events and behaviours within the context they normally occur. The present study was part of a larger study examining the nature of support received by adults with ID and challenging behaviour living in staffed settings in the community. Method(s): 18 individuals with ID and challenging behaviour were observed in their homes for approximately 1-hour periods. Structured observations using momentary-time-sampling were complemented by rich and detailed descriptions of the events which were subject to thematic analysis and used to complete the Active Support Measure. Result(s): Participants had low levels of engagement in meaningful activities, assistance and low contact with staff. More than half the participants were rated as receiving low Active Support, with less than a quarter receiving good Active Support during the period of observation. Staff most often did things for individuals. Participants spent most of the time relaxing while staff were involved in other activities. Individuals with better verbal and communication skills had more support. Implications: Improvements in the quality of support for individuals with ID are still needed. Clearer guidance needs to be available for those in supportive roles to be able to improve the support they offer across the spectrum of people with ID.